发布时间：2022-06-22 10:36:43 文章来源：Africa Investments（业务四部转载）
Country overview: Mozambique is a country located in Southern Africa bordering the Indian Ocean. It shares borders with Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini (Swaziland) and South Africa to the southwest. It gained its independence from Portugal on 25 June 1975. It is a Presidential Republic with the President sitting as the Head of State and Government. Its capital is Maputo and it has an administrative structure divided into 10 provinces. It runs a unicameral National Assembly as a legislative arm of the government. Portuguese is the official language while Makhuwa, Tsonga and Nyanja are also common local language. Christianity is the major religion while Islam also exists in minimal numbers. It has a mixed legal system that includes Portuguese civil law, customary law and Islamic law is applicable in predominantly Muslim villages with no formal legal system. It has an area size of 0.799 million sq km. Mozambique is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) providing market access to the member states.
Demographic Information: Mozambique has an estimated population of 30.10 million comprising mostly of younger population (less than 25 years) which makes up about 65.5% of the population, those in the age bracket of 25-64 years makes up about 31.6% of the population and above 65 years age group makes up about 2.9% of the population. Average population density is estimated at 40 inhabitants/km2. In terms of human development indicators, it has a life expectancy of 57.4 years (Women) and 54.4 years (Men). It achieved universal primary education with a 116.38% Primary enrolment rate in 2019 and overall literacy level of 60.7% as at 2017.
Broad Economic Overview: Mozambique economy is dependent on agriculture. Agriculture employs 71% of the country’s active population and accounts for 24.5% of GDP. The country is also rich in natural resources (gold, bauxite, graphite, marble, high-quality iron ore, coal) and has abundance of marine resources that are not fully exploited. Mozambique has hydroelectric potential and possesses the world’s largest reserves of tantalite. Huge offshore gas reserves which was discovered in 2010 and could turn the country into one of the main LNG producers in sub-Saharan Africa. Mozambique’s economy suffered setback since the sovereign debt crisis that erupted in 2016 and the negative impact of cyclones Idai and Kenneth in 2019 slowed down GDP growth to 2.3% in 2019 from 6.7% in 2015. It managed to achieve a modest 5-year compound annual GDP growth of 5.0%. Its currency is Mozambican metical. Main exports include prawns, sugar, aluminium, cotton, bulk electricity, cashews, etc. Major imports include petroleum products, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, textiles, vehicles, chemicals etc.
Investment Opportunities: Discovery of huge offshore gas reserves will help Mozambique to achieve economic diversification and enhance macroeconomic stability. Infrastructure needs for natural resource-related projects could also trigger a cycle of private investments. Already, two major international consortiums are seeking approval to develop massive natural gas deposits off the coast of Cabo Delgado province, in what has the potential to become the largest infrastructure project in Africa. The gas sector development could provide support for the country’s electrification growth through different energy solutions, foster industries such as fertilizer, metal-mechanics and help to upgrade agriculture from subsistence nature to agribusiness. More importantly, the government’s recent decision to agree to a final peace agreement with the opposition will support stability and boost the investment climate. The agreement will pave way for demobilization and social reintegration of armed troops. Investment and export opportunities abound in: construction (roads, railway and general infrastructure), energy (natural gas, hydropower and bio-diesel), mining (tantalum, graphite and coal), fishing, aquaculture, tourism , agriculture/horticulture , telecommunications, business consulting and transportation. Additional investment opportunities exist in infrastructure projects, hydroelectric power generation, education, and health sectors.
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